1. V. Brochard, B. Combadiere, A. Prigent, Y. Laouar, A. Perrin, V. Beray-Berthat, O. Bonduelle, D. Alvarez-Fischer, J. Callebert, J. M. Launay, C. Duyckaerts, R. A. Flavell, E. C. Hirsch, and S. Hunot. Infiltration of CD4+ lymphocytes into the brain contributes to neurodegeneration in a mouse model of Parkinson disease. J Clin Invest, 119(1):182-92, 2009. Note: Howard Hughes Medical Institute/United StatesJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tUnited States. [WWW]



2. S. Guerreiro, A. Ponceau, D. Toulorge, E. Martin, D. Alvarez-Fischer, E. C. Hirsch, and P. P. Michel. Protection of Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons by the End-Product of Purine Metabolism Uric Acid: Potentiation by Low-Level Depolarization. J Neurochem, 109(4):1118-1128, 2009. Note: Journal article. [WWW]



3. E. C. Hirsch. Iron transport in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord, 15 Suppl 3:S209-11, 2009. Note: Journal ArticleEngland. [WWW]



4. E. C. Hirsch and S. Hunot. Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease: a target for neuroprotection?. Lancet Neurol, 8(4):382-97, 2009. Note: Journal ArticleReviewEngland. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use, Cell Death/physiology, Dopamine/metabolism, Humans, Immunization, Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use, Inflammation/*pathology/*physiopathology, Nerve Degeneration/physiopathology/therapy, *Neuroimmunomodulation, Neurons/physiology, Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use, Parkinson Disease/*pathology/*physiopathology/therapy.



5. C. Karachi, D. Grabli, N. Baup, S. Mounayar, D. Tande, C. Francois, and E. C. Hirsch. Dysfunction of the subthalamic nucleus induces behavioral and movement disorders in monkeys. Mov Disord, 24:1183-1192, 2009. Note: Journal articleofficial journal of the Movement Disorder Society. [WWW]



6. A. S. Rolland, D. Tande, M. T. Herrero, M. R. Luquin, M. Vazquez-Claverie, C. Karachi, E. C. Hirsch, and C. Francois. Evidence for a dopaminergic innervation of the pedunculopontine nucleus in monkeys, and its drastic reduction after MPTP intoxication. J Neurochem, 110(4):1321-1329, 2009. Note: Journal article. [WWW]



7. D. Alvarez-Fischer, S. Guerreiro, S. Hunot, F. Saurini, M. Marien, P. Sokoloff, E. C. Hirsch, A. Hartmann, and P. P. Michel. Modelling Parkinson-like neurodegeneration via osmotic minipump delivery of MPTP and probenecid. J Neurochem, 107(3):701-11, 2008. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEngland. [WWW] Keyword(s): 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine/*administration & dosage, Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic/administration & dosage, Animals, Brain/drug effects/pathology, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, *Disease Models, Animal, Dopamine/analysis/metabolism, Immunohistochemistry, *Infusion Pumps, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Nerve Degeneration/chemically induced, Neurotoxins/*administration & dosage, Parkinsonian Disorders/*chemically induced, Probenecid/*administration & dosage.



8. S. Boulet, S. Mounayar, A. Poupard, A. Bertrand, C. Jan, M. Pessiglione, E. C. Hirsch, C. Feuerstein, C. Francois, J. Feger, M. Savasta, and L. Tremblay. Behavioral recovery in MPTP-treated monkeys: neurochemical mechanisms studied by intrastriatal microdialysis. J Neurosci, 28(38):9575-84, 2008. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tUnited Statesthe official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. [WWW]



9. J. Salazar, N. Mena, S. Hunot, A. Prigent, D. Alvarez-Fischer, M. Arredondo, C. Duyckaerts, V. Sazdovitch, L. Zhao, L. M. Garrick, M. T. Nunez, M. D. Garrick, R. Raisman-Vozari, and E. C. Hirsch. Divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) contributes to neurodegeneration in animal models of Parkinson's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 105(47):18578-83, 2008. Note: Journal ArticleUnited States. [WWW]



10. M. Escobar-Khondiker, M. Hollerhage, M. P. Muriel, P. Champy, A. Bach, C. Depienne, G. Respondek, E. S. Yamada, A. Lannuzel, T. Yagi, E. C. Hirsch, W. H. Oertel, R. Jacob, P. P. Michel, M. Ruberg, and G. U. Hoglinger. Annonacin, a natural mitochondrial complex I inhibitor, causes tau pathology in cultured neurons. J Neurosci, 27(29):7827-37, 2007. Note: Dk053244/dk/niddkNs048441/ns/nindsJournal ArticleResearch Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tUnited Statesthe official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. [WWW] Keyword(s): Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism, Animals, Brain/cytology, Cell Death/drug effects, Cell Survival/drug effects, Cells, Cultured, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Embryo, Enzyme Inhibitors/*pharmacology, Female, Furans/*pharmacology, Lactones/*pharmacology, Microscopy, Immunoelectron/methods, Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism, Neurons/*drug effects/metabolism/ultrastructure, Paclitaxel/pharmacology, Pregnancy, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism, Tubulin Modulators/pharmacology, tau Proteins/*metabolism.



11. L. Ginestet, J. E. Ferrario, R. Raisman-Vozari, E. C. Hirsch, and T. Debeir. Donepezil induces a cholinergic sprouting in basocortical degeneration. J Neurochem, 102(2):434-40, 2007. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEngland. [WWW]



12. E. C. Hirsch. Animal models in neurodegenerative diseases. J Neural Transm Suppl, (72):87-90, 2007. Note: Journal ArticleReviewAustria. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Brain/pathology, Cell Death/genetics/*physiology, *Disease Models, Animal, Dopamine/*metabolism, Humans, Lewy Bodies/pathology, Mutation, Neurons/pathology, Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology, Neurotoxins/pharmacology, Parkinsonian Disorders/genetics/*pathology, alpha-Synuclein/genetics.



13. G. U. Hoglinger, J. J. Breunig, C. Depboylu, C. Rouaux, P. P. Michel, D. Alvarez-Fischer, A. L. Boutillier, J. Degregori, W. H. Oertel, P. Rakic, E. C. Hirsch, and S. Hunot. The pRb/E2F cell-cycle pathway mediates cell death in Parkinson's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 104(9):3585-90, 2007. Note: R24 mh 68855/mh/nimhComparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tUnited States. [WWW] Keyword(s): 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine/pharmacology, 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium/pharmacology, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Apoptosis/*physiology, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, E2F1 Transcription Factor/genetics/*metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, In Situ Hybridization, Interneurons/drug effects/*metabolism, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Oligonucleotides, Antisense/genetics, Parkinson Disease/*physiopathology, Signal Transduction/drug effects, Substantia Nigra/*metabolism.



14. C. Jan, M. P. Muriel, A. S. Rolland, E. C. Hirsch, and C. Francois. Localization of D1a dopamine receptors on cell bodies and axonal endings in the substantia nigra pars reticulata of the rat. J Neural Transm, 114(12):1509-17, 2007. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tAustria1996). [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Dendrites/metabolism/*ultrastructure, Immunoblotting, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Nerve Endings/metabolism/*ultrastructure, Neurons/metabolism/*ultrastructure, RNA, Messenger/analysis, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Receptors, Dopamine/biosynthesis/*ultrastructure, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Substantia Nigra/metabolism/*ultrastructure.



15. A. Lannuzel, G. U. Hoglinger, S. Verhaeghe, L. Gire, S. Belson, M. Escobar-Khondiker, P. Poullain, W. H. Oertel, E. C. Hirsch, B. Dubois, and M. Ruberg. Atypical parkinsonism in Guadeloupe: a common risk factor for two closely related phenotypes?. Brain, 130:816-827, 2007. Note: Part 3. [WWW]



16. P. P. Michel, D. Alvarez-Fischer, S. Guerreiro, A. Hild, A. Hartmann, and E. C. Hirsch. Role of activity-dependent mechanisms in the control of dopaminergic neuron survival. J Neurochem, 101(2):289-97, 2007. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tReviewEngland. [WWW] Keyword(s): Action Potentials/*physiology, Animals, Cell Survival/physiology, Dopamine/*metabolism, Humans, Ion Channels/*metabolism, Na(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism, Neurons/*metabolism, Parkinson Disease/metabolism/physiopathology, Receptors, Neurotransmitter/metabolism, Substantia Nigra/*metabolism.



17. S. Mounayar, S. Boulet, D. Tande, C. Jan, M. Pessiglione, E. C. Hirsch, J. Feger, M. Savasta, C. Francois, and L. Tremblay. A new model to study compensatory mechanisms in MPTP-treated monkeys exhibiting recovery. Brain, 130(Pt 11):2898-914, 2007. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEnglanda journal of neurology. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Behavior, Animal, Biological Markers/analysis, *Cercopithecus aethiops, *Disease Models, Animal, Dopamine Agents/*poisoning, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/analysis/metabolism, Globus Pallidus/chemistry/metabolism/pathology, Immunohistochemistry, *MPTP Poisoning/psychology, Male, Mesencephalon/chemistry/metabolism/pathology, Parkinson Disease, Secondary/*chemically induced/pathology/psychology, Serotonin/analysis/metabolism, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/analysis/metabolism.



18. B. Nait-Oumesmar, N. Picard-Riera, C. Kerninon, L. Decker, D. Seilhean, G. U. Hoglinger, E. C. Hirsch, R. Reynolds, and A. Baron-Van Evercooren. Activation of the subventricular zone in multiple sclerosis: Evidence for early glial progenitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 104(11):4694-9, 2007. Note: Journal ArticleUnited States. [WWW]



19. A. S. Rolland, M. T. Herrero, V. Garcia-Martinez, M. Ruberg, E. C. Hirsch, and C. Francois. Metabolic activity of cerebellar and basal ganglia-thalamic neurons is reduced in parkinsonism. Brain, 130(Pt 1):265-75, 2007. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEnglanda journal of neurology. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Basal Ganglia/*metabolism, Cerebellum/*metabolism, Corpus Striatum/enzymology, Disease Models, Animal, Dopamine/metabolism, Dopamine Agents, Electron Transport Complex IV/analysis, Haplorhini, Immunohistochemistry/methods, In Situ Hybridization/methods, Interneurons/metabolism, Neural Pathways/metabolism, Neurons/*metabolism, Oxidopamine, Parkinson Disease/*metabolism, RNA, Messenger/analysis, Rats, Substantia Nigra/enzymology, Sympatholytics, Thalamus/*metabolism, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/analysis.



20. N. Freundlieb, C. Francois, D. Tande, W. H. Oertel, E. C. Hirsch, and G. U. Hoglinger. Dopaminergic substantia nigra neurons project topographically organized to the subventricular zone and stimulate precursor cell proliferation in aged primates. J Neurosci, 26(8):2321-5, 2006. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tUnited Statesthe official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. [WWW] Keyword(s): Aging/*metabolism/pathology, Animals, Cell Differentiation/physiology, Cell Proliferation, Cells, Cultured, Cercopithecus aethiops, Cerebral Ventricles/*cytology/metabolism, Dopamine/*metabolism, Macaca mulatta, Neural Pathways/cytology/metabolism, Neurons/*cytology/*metabolism, Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism, Substantia Nigra/*cytology/metabolism, Tissue Distribution.



21. E. C. Hirsch. Altered regulation of iron transport and storage in Parkinson's disease. J Neural Transm Suppl, (71):201-4, 2006. Note: Journal ArticleReviewAustria. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Humans, Ion Transport/physiology, Iron/*metabolism, Parkinson Disease/*metabolism/*physiopathology.



22. E. C. Hirsch. How to judge animal models of Parkinson's disease in terms of neuroprotection. J Neural Transm Suppl, (70):255-60, 2006. Note: Journal ArticleReviewAustria. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Neuroprotective Agents/*therapeutic use, Neurotoxins/toxicity, Parkinson Disease/*drug therapy/genetics, Parkinson Disease, Secondary/chemically induced.



23. G. U. Hoglinger, W. H. Oertel, and E. C. Hirsch. The rotenone model of parkinsonism--the five years inspection. J Neural Transm Suppl, (70):269-72, 2006. Note: Journal ArticleReviewAustria. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Dopamine/physiology, Humans, Movement/drug effects/physiology, Neurodegenerative Diseases/chemically induced/pathology, Neurons/pathology, Parkinson Disease, Secondary/*chemically induced/pathology/physiopathology, *Rotenone, Substantia Nigra/pathology, *Uncoupling Agents, tau Proteins/metabolism.



24. A. Lannuzel, G. U. Hoglinger, P. Champy, P. P. Michel, E. C. Hirsch, and M. Ruberg. Is atypical parkinsonism in the Caribbean caused by the consumption of Annonacae?. J Neural Transm Suppl, (70):153-7, 2006. Note: Journal ArticleAustria. [WWW] Keyword(s): Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism, Alkaloids/isolation & purification/toxicity, Animals, Annonaceae/*adverse effects, Cells, Cultured, Fruit, Furans/isolation & purification/toxicity, Lactones/isolation & purification/toxicity, Male, Medicine, Herbal, Mesencephalon/cytology, Neostriatum/pathology, Nerve Degeneration/chemically induced/pathology, Parkinson Disease, Secondary/*chemically induced/epidemiology, Plant Extracts/adverse effects, Plant Leaves/chemistry, Rats, Rats, Inbred Lew, Substantia Nigra/pathology, West Indies/epidemiology.



25. L. Lu, F. Neff, D. A. Fischer, C. Henze, E. C. Hirsch, W. H. Oertel, J. Schlegel, and A. Hartmann. Regional vulnerability of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons prone to degenerate in Parkinson's disease: a post-mortem study in human control subjects. Neurobiol Dis, 23(2):409-21, 2006. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tUnited States. [WWW] Keyword(s): Aged, Cadaver, DNA Primers, Dopamine/*analysis, Gene Expression Profiling, Humans, Mesencephalon/*pathology, Middle Aged, Nerve Degeneration, Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics, Neurons/*pathology, Parkinson Disease/genetics/*pathology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA/genetics/isolation & purification, Reference Values.



26. D. Tande, J. Feger, E. C. Hirsch, and C. Francois. Parafascicular nucleus projection to the extrastriatal basal ganglia in monkeys. Neuroreport, 17(3):277-80, 2006. Note: Comparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEngland. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Basal Ganglia/*anatomy & histology/metabolism, Biotin/analogs & derivatives/metabolism, Brain Mapping, Cercopithecus aethiops/anatomy & histology, Dextrans/metabolism, Intralaminar Thalamic Nuclei/*anatomy & histology/metabolism, Male, Neural Pathways/*anatomy & histology/metabolism, Stilbamidines/metabolism.



27. D. Tande, G. Hoglinger, T. Debeir, N. Freundlieb, E. C. Hirsch, and C. Francois. New striatal dopamine neurons in MPTP-treated macaques result from a phenotypic shift and not neurogenesis. Brain, 129(Pt 5):1194-200, 2006. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEnglanda journal of neurology. [WWW] Keyword(s): Aging/metabolism/pathology, Animals, Bromodeoxyuridine/diagnostic use, Cell Division, Corpus Striatum/*metabolism/pathology, Disease Models, Animal, Dopamine/deficiency, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/*metabolism, Glutamate Decarboxylase/metabolism, Interneurons/metabolism/pathology, MPTP Poisoning/*metabolism/pathology/physiopathology, Macaca, Male, *Nerve Regeneration, Phenotype, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism.



28. S. Traver, M. Marien, E. Martin, E. C. Hirsch, and P. P. Michel. The phenotypic differentiation of locus ceruleus noradrenergic neurons mediated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor is enhanced by corticotropin releasing factor through the activation of a cAMP-dependent signaling pathway. Mol Pharmacol, 70(1):30-40, 2006. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tUnited States. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Blotting, Western, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*pharmacology, Cell Differentiation/*drug effects, Cells, Cultured, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/*pharmacology, Cyclic AMP/*metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Synergism, Enzyme Activation/drug effects, Gene Expression/drug effects, Locus Coeruleus/cytology/drug effects/metabolism, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/metabolism, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/metabolism, Neurons/cytology/*drug effects/metabolism, Norepinephrine/metabolism, Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics/metabolism, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Receptor, trkB/genetics/metabolism, Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/genetics/metabolism, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Signal Transduction/*drug effects, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/genetics/metabolism.



29. C. Barcia, V. Bautista, A. Sanchez-Bahillo, E. Fernandez-Villalba, B. Faucheux, M. Poza y Poza, A. Fernandez Barreiro, E. C. Hirsch, and M. T. Herrero. Changes in vascularization in substantia nigra pars compacta of monkeys rendered parkinsonian. J Neural Transm, 112(9):1237-48, 2005. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tAustria1996). [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Blood Vessels/metabolism/pathology, *Cerebrovascular Circulation, Immunohistochemistry, Macaca fascicularis, Male, Neurons/metabolism/pathology, Parkinsonian Disorders/*pathology/*physiopathology, Reticulin/metabolism, Severity of Illness Index, Substantia Nigra/*blood supply/pathology/*physiopathology, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism.



30. C. Henze, A. Hartmann, T. Lescot, E. C. Hirsch, and P. P. Michel. Proliferation of microglial cells induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium in mesencephalic cultures results from an astrocyte-dependent mechanism: role of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor. J Neurochem, 95(4):1069-77, 2005. Note: Comparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEngland. [WWW] Keyword(s): 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium/*toxicity, Animals, Antigens, CD11c/metabolism, Astrocytes/*physiology, Cell Count/methods, Cell Proliferation/*drug effects, Cells, Cultured, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Interactions, Embryo, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/*pharmacology, Immunohistochemistry/methods, Mesencephalon/*cytology, Microglia/*drug effects/metabolism, Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism, Rats, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism.



31. C. Henze, T. Lescot, S. Traver, B. Salthun-Lassalle, E. C. Hirsch, P. P. Michel, and A. Hartmann. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor is not protective against selective dopaminergic cell death in vitro. Neurosci Lett, 383(1-2):44-8, 2005. Note: Comparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tIreland. [WWW] Keyword(s): 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium/toxicity, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Antigens, CD11b/metabolism, Cell Count/methods, Cell Death/*drug effects, Cell Proliferation/drug effects, Cells, Cultured, Cytarabine/toxicity, Dopamine/*metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Interactions, Embryo, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/metabolism, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/*pharmacology, Herbicides/toxicity, Immunohistochemistry/methods, Microglia/drug effects/metabolism, Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism, Neurons/cytology/*drug effects/metabolism, Rats, Thymidine/pharmacokinetics, Tritium/pharmacokinetics, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism, Vimentin/metabolism.



32. E. C. Hirsch, S. Hunot, and A. Hartmann. Neuroinflammatory processes in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord, 11 Suppl 1:S9-S15, 2005. Note: Journal ArticleReviewEngland. [WWW] Keyword(s): Encephalitis/*immunology/pathology, Humans, Neuroimmunomodulation/*immunology, Parkinson Disease/*immunology/pathology.



33. G. U. Hoglinger, A. Lannuzel, M. E. Khondiker, P. P. Michel, C. Duyckaerts, J. Feger, P. Champy, A. Prigent, F. Medja, A. Lombes, W. H. Oertel, M. Ruberg, and E. C. Hirsch. The mitochondrial complex I inhibitor rotenone triggers a cerebral tauopathy. J Neurochem, 95(4):930-9, 2005. Note: Comparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEngland. [WWW] Keyword(s): Amyloid beta-Protein/metabolism, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/metabolism, Behavior, Animal, Body Weight/drug effects, Caspase 3, Caspases/metabolism, Cell Death/drug effects, Cerebral Cortex/*drug effects/pathology/physiopathology, Cytarabine/metabolism, Diagnostic Imaging/methods, Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32/metabolism, Doxorubicin/metabolism, Dystonia/etiology/physiopathology, Electron Transport Complex III/metabolism, Enzyme Activation/drug effects, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/metabolism, Immunohistochemistry/methods, Locomotion/drug effects, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission/methods, Mitochondria/drug effects/ultrastructure, Neurons/drug effects/physiology, Phosphopyruvate Hydratase/metabolism, Phosphorylation, Posture, Psychomotor Performance/drug effects, Rats, Rats, Inbred Lew, Rotenone/*adverse effects, Tauopathies/*chemically induced/pathology/physiopathology, Thiazoles/diagnostic use, Time Factors, Tyrosine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism, Ubiquitin/metabolism, Uncoupling Agents/*adverse effects, alpha-Synuclein/metabolism, tau Proteins/metabolism.



34. G. U. Hoglinger, P. P. Michel, P. Champy, J. Feger, E. C. Hirsch, M. Ruberg, and A. Lannuzel. Experimental evidence for a toxic etiology of tropical parkinsonism. Mov Disord, 20(1):118-9, 2005. Note: CommentComparative StudyLetterUnited Statesofficial journal of the Movement Disorder Society. [WWW] Keyword(s): Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism, Alkaloids/toxicity, Animals, Annonaceae/chemistry/*toxicity, Brain/cytology/drug effects, Cells, Cultured, Fatty Alcohols/toxicity, Humans, Lactones/toxicity, Mitochondrial Diseases/complications/etiology, Neurons/drug effects, Pacific Islands, Parkinsonian Disorders/*etiology, Rats.



35. C. Karachi, J. Yelnik, D. Tande, L. Tremblay, E. C. Hirsch, and C. Francois. The pallidosubthalamic projection: an anatomical substrate for nonmotor functions of the subthalamic nucleus in primates. Mov Disord, 20(2):172-80, 2005. Note: Comparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tUnited Statesofficial journal of the Movement Disorder Society. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Biotin/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism, Calcium-Binding Protein, Vitamin D-Dependent/metabolism, Dextrans/metabolism, Globus Pallidus/*anatomy & histology/metabolism, Immunohistochemistry/methods, Male, Neural Pathways/*anatomy & histology/metabolism, Primates, Subthalamic Nucleus/*anatomy & histology/metabolism, Wheat Germ Agglutinin-Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugate/metabolism.



36. M. Pessiglione, D. Guehl, A. S. Rolland, C. Francois, E. C. Hirsch, J. Feger, and L. Tremblay. Thalamic neuronal activity in dopamine-depleted primates: evidence for a loss of functional segregation within basal ganglia circuits. J Neurosci, 25(6):1523-31, 2005. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tUnited Statesthe official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. [WWW] Keyword(s): Action Potentials, Animals, Basal Ganglia/*physiopathology, Biological Markers, Cercopithecus aethiops, Dopamine/*deficiency, Electrodes, Implanted, Electromyography, MPTP Poisoning/*physiopathology, Male, Models, Neurological, Nerve Tissue Proteins/analysis, Neurons/*physiology, Parkinsonian Disorders/*physiopathology, Thalamus/*physiopathology, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/analysis.



37. B. Salthun-Lassalle, S. Traver, E. C. Hirsch, and P. P. Michel. Substance P, neurokinins A and B, and synthetic tachykinin peptides protect mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons in culture via an activity-dependent mechanism. Mol Pharmacol, 68(5):1214-24, 2005. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tUnited States. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Calcium Channels, N-Type/physiology, Cell Count, Cell Survival/drug effects, Dopamine/*physiology, Ion Channel Gating, Mesencephalon/cytology/*drug effects, Neurokinin A/*pharmacology, Neurokinin B/*pharmacology, Neurons/cytology/*drug effects/metabolism, Neuroprotective Agents/*pharmacology, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Receptors, Neurokinin-1/physiology, Receptors, Neurokinin-3/physiology, Sodium Channels/physiology, Substance P/*pharmacology, Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology.



38. S. Traver, B. Salthun-Lassalle, M. Marien, E. C. Hirsch, F. Colpaert, and P. P. Michel. The neurotransmitter noradrenaline rescues septal cholinergic neurons in culture from degeneration caused by low-level oxidative stress. Mol Pharmacol, 67(6):1882-91, 2005. Note: Comparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tUnited States. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Cells, Cultured, Choline O-Acetyltransferase/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism, Cholinergic Fibers/*drug effects/metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Nerve Degeneration/metabolism/pathology/*prevention & control, Neurons/cytology/drug effects/metabolism, Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Norepinephrine/*pharmacology/therapeutic use, Oxidative Stress/*drug effects/physiology, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Septum of Brain/cytology/*drug effects/metabolism.



39. C. Barcia, A. Sanchez Bahillo, E. Fernandez-Villalba, V. Bautista, Y. Poza M. Poza, A. Fernandez-Barreiro, E. C. Hirsch, and M. T. Herrero. Evidence of active microglia in substantia nigra pars compacta of parkinsonian monkeys 1 year after MPTP exposure. Glia, 46(4):402-9, 2004. Note: Journal ArticleUnited States. [WWW] Keyword(s): 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine, Animals, Astrocytes/cytology/drug effects, Biological Markers, Calcium-Binding Protein, Vitamin D-Dependent/metabolism, Corpus Striatum/drug effects/pathology/physiopathology, Disease Models, Animal, Dopamine/metabolism, Encephalitis/chemically induced/pathology/physiopathology, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/metabolism, Gliosis/chemically induced/*pathology/physiopathology, HLA-DR Antigens/metabolism, Immunohistochemistry, Macaca fascicularis, Microglia/*drug effects/pathology, Nerve Degeneration/chemically induced/pathology/physiopathology, Parkinsonian Disorders/chemically induced/*pathology/physiopathology, Substantia Nigra/drug effects/*pathology/physiopathology, Time, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism.



40. P. Champy, G. U. Hoglinger, J. Feger, C. Gleye, R. Hocquemiller, A. Laurens, V. Guerineau, O. Laprevote, F. Medja, A. Lombes, P. P. Michel, A. Lannuzel, E. C. Hirsch, and M. Ruberg. Annonacin, a lipophilic inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I, induces nigral and striatal neurodegeneration in rats: possible relevance for atypical parkinsonism in Guadeloupe. J Neurochem, 88(1):63-9, 2004. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEngland. [WWW] Keyword(s): Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism, Animals, Behavior, Animal/drug effects, Cell Count, Corpus Striatum/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology, Electron Transport Complex I/*antagonists & inhibitors, Furans/administration & dosage/*toxicity, Gliosis/chemically induced/pathology, Guadeloupe, Infusions, Intravenous, Lactones/administration & dosage/*toxicity, Male, Mitochondria/enzymology, Neurodegenerative Diseases/*chemically induced/enzymology/pathology, Neurons/drug effects/pathology, Parkinsonian Disorders/etiology, Plant Extracts/administration & dosage/*toxicity, Rats, Rats, Inbred Lew, Substantia Nigra/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology.



41. J. C. Corvol, M. P. Muriel, E. Valjent, J. Feger, N. Hanoun, J. A. Girault, E. C. Hirsch, and D. Herve. Persistent increase in olfactory type G-protein alpha subunit levels may underlie D1 receptor functional hypersensitivity in Parkinson disease. J Neurosci, 24(31):7007-14, 2004. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tUnited Statesthe official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. [WWW] Keyword(s): Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Animals, Antiparkinson Agents/pharmacology, Corpus Striatum/metabolism/pathology, Female, GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits/*metabolism, Humans, Levodopa/pharmacology, Male, Middle Aged, Oxidopamine/pharmacology, Parkinson Disease/*metabolism/pathology, Putamen/*metabolism/pathology, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Receptors, Dopamine D1/*metabolism, Sympatholytics/pharmacology.



42. C. Francois, D. Grabli, K. McCairn, C. Jan, C. Karachi, E. C. Hirsch, J. Feger, and L. Tremblay. Behavioural disorders induced by external globus pallidus dysfunction in primates II. Anatomical study. Brain, 127(Pt 9):2055-70, 2004. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEnglanda journal of neurology. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/pathology, Axons, Basal Ganglia/drug effects/*pathology, Bicuculline, Brain Diseases/chemically induced/*pathology, Cercopithecus aethiops, Convulsants, Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/etiology/pathology, Globus Pallidus/drug effects/*pathology, Hyperkinesis/pathology, Male, Mental Disorders/chemically induced/*pathology, Microinjections, Movement Disorders/pathology, Nerve Net/drug effects/pathology, Stereotyped Behavior/physiology, Substantia Nigra/drug effects/pathology.



43. C. François, K. McCairn, D. Grabli, C. Jan, C. Karachi, E. C. Hirsch, J. Féger, and L. Tremblay. Behavioural disorders induced by external globus pallidus dysfunction in primates: II. Anatomical study.. Brain, 127:2055-2070, 2004.



44. D. Grabli, K. McCairn, E. C. Hirsch, Y. Agid, J. Feger, C. Francois, and L. Tremblay. Behavioural disorders induced by external globus pallidus dysfunction in primates: I. Behavioural study. Brain, 127(Pt 9):2039-54, 2004. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEnglanda journal of neurology. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/chemically, induced/physiopathology, Behavior, Animal/drug effects, Bicuculline, Brain Diseases/*chemically induced/physiopathology, Cercopithecus aethiops, Convulsants, Corpus Striatum/drug effects, Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/physiopathology, *Globus Pallidus/drug effects/physiopathology, Hyperkinesis/chemically induced/physiopathology, Male, Mental Disorders/chemically induced/*etiology/physiopathology, Microinjections, Movement Disorders/etiology/physiopathology, Neuropsychological Tests, Stereotyped Behavior/drug effects.



45. G. U. Hoglinger, P. Rizk, M. P. Muriel, C. Duyckaerts, W. H. Oertel, I. Caille, and E. C. Hirsch. Dopamine depletion impairs precursor cell proliferation in Parkinson disease. Nat Neurosci, 7(7):726-35, 2004. Note: Comparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.United States. [WWW] Keyword(s): Aged, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use, Bromodeoxyuridine/metabolism, Case-Control Studies, Cell Count/methods, Cell Death/physiology, Cell Division/drug effects, Cells, Cultured, Dopamine/*deficiency/physiology, Dopamine Antagonists/pharmacology, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Drug Interactions, Ependyma/ultrastructure, Female, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/metabolism, Glycoproteins/metabolism, Humans, Immunohistochemistry/methods, In Situ Nick-End Labeling/methods, Indoles/therapeutic use, Intermediate Filament Proteins/metabolism, Levodopa/therapeutic use, Male, Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism, Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Microscopy, Confocal/methods, Microscopy, Immunoelectron/methods, Microspheres, Middle Aged, Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism, Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1/metabolism, Neurons/metabolism/*pathology/ultrastructure, Olfactory Bulb/cytology/metabolism, Oxidopamine/toxicity, Parkinson Disease/drug therapy/*metabolism/*pathology, Parkinsonian Disorders/metabolism/pathology, Postmortem Changes, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor.



46. S. Hunot, M. Vila, P. Teismann, R. J. Davis, E. C. Hirsch, S. Przedborski, P. Rakic, and R. A. Flavell. JNK-mediated induction of cyclooxygenase 2 is required for neurodegeneration in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 101(2):665-70, 2004. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.United States. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Base Sequence, Cyclooxygenase 2, DNA Primers, Disease Models, Animal, Immunohistochemistry, Isoenzymes/*biosynthesis, *JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, MAP Kinase Kinase 4, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases/*metabolism, Parkinson Disease/*enzymology/pathology, Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases/*biosynthesis, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction.



47. A. Mouatt-Prigent, M. P. Muriel, W. J. Gu, K. H. El Hachimi, C. B. Lucking, A. Brice, and E. C. Hirsch. Ultrastructural localization of parkin in the rat brainstem, thalamus and basal ganglia. J Neural Transm, 111(10-11):1209-18, 2004. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tAustria1996). [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology, Basal Ganglia/*metabolism/*ultrastructure, Brain Stem/*metabolism/*ultrastructure, Dendrites/drug effects/metabolism/ultrastructure, Doxycycline/pharmacology, Endoplasmic Reticulum/drug effects/metabolism/ultrastructure, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Mitochondria/drug effects/metabolism/ultrastructure, Neuroglia/drug effects/metabolism/ultrastructure, Neurons/drug effects/metabolism/ultrastructure, PC12 Cells, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Synapses/drug effects/metabolism/ultrastructure, Thalamus/*metabolism/*ultrastructure, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/*biosynthesis/*genetics.



48. M. Pessiglione, D. Guehl, E. C. Hirsch, J. Feger, and L. Tremblay. Disruption of self-organized actions in monkeys with progressive MPTP-induced parkinsonism. I. Effects of task complexity. Eur J Neurosci, 19(2):426-36, 2004. Note: Comparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tFrance. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Cercopithecus aethiops, Choice Behavior/physiology, Cognition/*physiology, Immobilization/physiology, MPTP Poisoning/*physiopathology, Male, Psychomotor Performance/*physiology, *Reward.



49. M. Pessiglione, D. Guehl, C. Jan, C. Francois, E. C. Hirsch, J. Feger, and L. Tremblay. Disruption of self-organized actions in monkeys with progressive MPTP-induced parkinsonism: II. Effects of reward preference. Eur J Neurosci, 19(2):437-46, 2004. Note: Comparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tFrance. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Cercopithecus aethiops, Choice Behavior/*physiology, Food Preferences/*physiology/psychology, MPTP Poisoning/pathology/*physiopathology, Male, Mesencephalon/pathology/physiology, Psychomotor Performance/physiology, *Reward.



50. B. Salthun-Lassalle, E. C. Hirsch, J. Wolfart, M. Ruberg, and P. P. Michel. Rescue of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons in culture by low-level stimulation of voltage-gated sodium channels. J Neurosci, 24(26):5922-30, 2004. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tUnited Statesthe official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Apamin/pharmacology, Apoptosis/drug effects, Aspirin/pharmacology, Biological Transport, Active/drug effects, Calcium Channel Agonists/pharmacology, Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology, Calcium Channels, T-Type/drug effects, Cells, Cultured/cytology/drug effects/metabolism, Dopamine/*metabolism, Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Ion Channel Gating, Ion Transport/drug effects, Mesencephalon/*cytology, Na(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase/antagonists & inhibitors/physiology, Nerve Growth Factors/pharmacology, Nerve Tissue Proteins/*drug effects/physiology, Neurons/cytology/*drug effects/metabolism, Neuroprotective Agents/*pharmacology, Nifedipine/pharmacology, Ouabain/pharmacology, Potassium Channel Blockers/pharmacology, Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated/antagonists & inhibitors, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Scorpion Venoms/pharmacology, Serotonin/metabolism, Sodium/pharmacology/*physiology, Sodium Channel Blockers/*pharmacology, Sodium Channels/*drug effects/physiology, Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology, Veratridine/*pharmacology, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism.



51. F. Darios, O. Corti, C. B. Lucking, C. Hampe, M. P. Muriel, N. Abbas, W. J. Gu, E. C. Hirsch, T. Rooney, M. Ruberg, and A. Brice. Parkin prevents mitochondrial swelling and cytochrome c release in mitochondria-dependent cell death. Hum Mol Genet, 12(5):517-26, 2003. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEngland. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Caspase 3, Caspases/metabolism, Cell Death/physiology, Ceramides/metabolism, Cytochrome c Group/*metabolism, Humans, Ligases/*metabolism, Mitochondria/*metabolism, Neurons/metabolism, Rats, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases.



52. B. A. Faucheux, M. E. Martin, C. Beaumont, J. J. Hauw, Y. Agid, and E. C. Hirsch. Neuromelanin associated redox-active iron is increased in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem, 86(5):1142-8, 2003. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEngland. [WWW] Keyword(s): Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Ferric Compounds/analysis, Humans, Iron/analysis/*metabolism, Macromolecular Substances, Male, Melanins/*metabolism, Oxidation-Reduction, Parkinson Disease/*pathology, Prussian Blue Reaction, Substantia Nigra/*metabolism/*pathology.



53. I. Gourfinkel-An, K. Parain, A. Hartmann, L. Mangiarini, A. Brice, G. Bates, and E. C. Hirsch. Changes in GAD67 mRNA expression evidenced by in situ hybridization in the brain of R6/2 transgenic mice. J Neurochem, 86(6):1369-78, 2003. Note: Journal ArticleEngland. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Brain/*metabolism/parasitology, Disease Models, Animal, Disease Progression, Glutamate Decarboxylase/*genetics, Humans, Huntington Disease/*metabolism/pathology, In Situ Hybridization, Isoenzymes/*genetics, Mice, Mice, Transgenic, RNA, Messenger/*metabolism, Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion.



54. D. Guehl, M. Pessiglione, C. Francois, J. Yelnik, E. C. Hirsch, J. Feger, and L. Tremblay. Tremor-related activity of neurons in the 'motor' thalamus: changes in firing rate and pattern in the MPTP vervet model of parkinsonism. Eur J Neurosci, 17(11):2388-400, 2003. Note: Comparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tFrance. [WWW] Keyword(s): Action Potentials/physiology, Animals, Basal Ganglia/physiopathology, Cercopithecus aethiops, Cerebellum/physiopathology, Disease Models, Animal, Electromyography/methods, Electrophysiology, Globus Pallidus/physiopathology, MPTP Poisoning/*physiopathology, Male, Muscles/physiopathology, Neurons/*physiology, Physical Stimulation, Substantia Nigra/physiopathology, Thalamus/anatomy & histology/*physiopathology, Tremor/etiology/*pathology.



55. A. Hartmann, S. Hunot, and E. C. Hirsch. Inflammation and dopaminergic neuronal loss in Parkinson's disease: a complex matter. Exp Neurol, 184(2):561-4, 2003. Note: CommentJournal ArticleReviewUnited States. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Brain/metabolism/*pathology, Dopamine/metabolism, Humans, Inflammation/*pathology, Microglia/metabolism, Nerve Degeneration/*pathology, Neurons/metabolism/*pathology, Parkinson Disease/*pathology.



56. E. C. Hirsch, T. Breidert, E. Rousselet, S. Hunot, A. Hartmann, and P. P. Michel. The role of glial reaction and inflammation in Parkinson's disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 991:214-28, 2003. Note: Journal ArticleReviewUnited States. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use, Cytokines/metabolism, Dopamine/metabolism, Humans, Inflammation/etiology, Nerve Degeneration/physiopathology, *Neuroglia, Neurons/metabolism, Parkinson Disease/metabolism/pathology/*physiopathology.



57. E. C. Hirsch, G. Hoglinger, E. Rousselet, T. Breidert, K. Parain, J. Feger, M. Ruberg, A. Prigent, C. Cohen-Salmon, and J. M. Launay. Animal models of Parkinson's disease in rodents induced by toxins: an update. J Neural Transm Suppl, (65):89-100, 2003. Note: Journal ArticleReviewAustria. [WWW] Keyword(s): 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine, Adrenergic Agents, Animals, Basal Ganglia/drug effects/metabolism, Brain Stem/drug effects/metabolism, *Disease Models, Animal, Dopamine/metabolism, Dopamine Agents, Nerve Degeneration/*chemically induced, Neurons/*drug effects, Oxidopamine, *Parkinson Disease, *Rodentia, Rotenone, Uncoupling Agents.



58. E. C. Hirsch, G. Orieux, M. P. Muriel, C. Francois, and J. Feger. Nondopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease. Adv Neurol, 91:29-37, 2003. Note: Journal ArticleReviewUnited States. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Brain/*metabolism/pathology/physiopathology, Down-Regulation/physiology, Drug Resistance/physiology, Humans, Neural Pathways/*metabolism/pathology/physiopathology, Neurons/*metabolism/pathology/ultrastructure, Neurotransmitter Agents/*deficiency, Parkinson Disease/*metabolism/pathology/physiopathology, Receptors, Dopamine/metabolism/ultrastructure, Up-Regulation/physiology.



59. G. U. Hoglinger, G. Carrard, P. P. Michel, F. Medja, A. Lombes, M. Ruberg, B. Friguet, and E. C. Hirsch. Dysfunction of mitochondrial complex I and the proteasome: interactions between two biochemical deficits in a cellular model of Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem, 86(5):1297-307, 2003. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEngland. [WWW] Keyword(s): 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium/toxicity, Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism, Animals, Cell Death, Cells, Cultured, Cysteine Endopeptidases/*metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Electron Transport Complex I, Enzyme Inhibitors/toxicity, Mesencephalon/cytology/embryology, Multienzyme Complexes/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism, NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism, Neurons/drug effects/*metabolism/pathology, Neurotoxins/toxicity, Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects, Parkinsonian Disorders/*metabolism/pathology, Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism, Rotenone/toxicity, Uncoupling Agents/toxicity.



60. G. U. Hoglinger, J. Feger, A. Prigent, P. P. Michel, K. Parain, P. Champy, M. Ruberg, W. H. Oertel, and E. C. Hirsch. Chronic systemic complex I inhibition induces a hypokinetic multisystem degeneration in rats. J Neurochem, 84(3):491-502, 2003. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEngland. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Behavior, Animal/drug effects, Cell Count, Choline O-Acetyltransferase/biosynthesis, Chronic Disease, Corpus Striatum/drug effects/pathology, Disease Models, Animal, Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32, Drug Administration Schedule, Electron Transport Complex I, Enzyme Inhibitors/administration & dosage/*toxicity, Inclusion Bodies/pathology, Infusions, Intravenous, Locus Coeruleus/drug effects/pathology, Male, Mesencephalon/drug effects/pathology, Motor Activity/drug effects, Movement Disorders/complications/etiology/*pathology, NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases/*antagonists & inhibitors, *Nerve Tissue Proteins, Neurodegenerative Diseases/chemically induced/complications/*pathology, Neuroglia/pathology, Neurons/drug effects/metabolism/pathology, Pesticides/toxicity, Phosphoproteins/biosynthesis, Rats, Rats, Inbred Lew, Rotenone/administration & dosage/*toxicity, Serotonin/biosynthesis, Substantia Nigra/drug effects/pathology, Time, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/biosynthesis.



61. S. Hunot and E. C. Hirsch. Neuroinflammatory processes in Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol, 53 Suppl 3:S49-58;, 2003. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tReviewUnited States. [WWW] Keyword(s): Antigens, CD/immunology, Cell Death, Corpus Striatum/enzymology/immunology/pathology, Cyclooxygenase 2, Cytokines/immunology, Dopamine/immunology/metabolism, Humans, Interleukins/immunology, Isoenzymes/*metabolism, Major Histocompatibility Complex/immunology, Membrane Proteins, Mesencephalon/*pathology, Nerve Degeneration/pathology, Neuroglia/immunology/metabolism, Nitric Oxide Synthase/*metabolism, Parkinson Disease/*enzymology/immunology/*pathology, Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases/*metabolism.



62. C. Jan, M. Pessiglione, L. Tremblay, D. Tande, E. C. Hirsch, and C. Francois. Quantitative analysis of dopaminergic loss in relation to functional territories in MPTP-treated monkeys. Eur J Neurosci, 18(7):2082-6, 2003. Note: Comparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tFrance. [WWW] Keyword(s): 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine/*pharmacology, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Cell Count/methods, Cercopithecus aethiops, Cerebral Cortex/drug effects/metabolism/pathology, Corpus Striatum/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology, Dopamine/*metabolism, Dopamine Agents/*pharmacology, MPTP Poisoning/metabolism/*pathology, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism.



63. A. Lannuzel, P. P. Michel, G. U. Hoglinger, P. Champy, A. Jousset, F. Medja, A. Lombes, F. Darios, C. Gleye, A. Laurens, R. Hocquemiller, E. C. Hirsch, and M. Ruberg. The mitochondrial complex I inhibitor annonacin is toxic to mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons by impairment of energy metabolism. Neuroscience, 121(2):287-96, 2003. Note: Comparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tUnited States. [WWW] Keyword(s): 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium/toxicity, Acetylcysteine/pharmacology, Adenosine Triphosphate/analysis, Animals, Antioxidants/pharmacology, Benzodiazepines/pharmacology, Cell Survival, Cells, Cultured, Chromans/pharmacology, Deoxyglucose/metabolism, Dizocilpine Maleate/pharmacology, Dopamine/*metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Interactions, Embryo, Energy Metabolism/*drug effects/physiology, Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists, Female, Furans/chemistry/*toxicity, Glucose/pharmacology, Herbicides/toxicity, Hexoses/pharmacology, Insecticides/toxicity, Intracellular Space/metabolism, Lactones/chemistry/*toxicity, Male, Mannose/pharmacology, Mesencephalon/cytology/*drug effects/physiology, Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism, Mitochondria/*drug effects, Neurons/*drug effects/physiology, Neurotoxins/chemistry/*toxicity, Plant Extracts/chemistry/toxicity, Pregnancy, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Reactive Oxygen Species, Rotenone/toxicity, Tritium/metabolism, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism.



64. K. Parain, C. Hapdey, E. Rousselet, V. Marchand, B. Dumery, and E. C. Hirsch. Cigarette smoke and nicotine protect dopaminergic neurons against the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine Parkinsonian toxin. Brain Res, 984(1-2):224-32, 2003. Note: Comparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tNetherlands. [WWW] Keyword(s): 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine/antagonists &, inhibitors/pharmacology, Animals, Dopamine/*metabolism, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Neurons/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology, Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use, Nicotine/pharmacology/*therapeutic use, Parkinsonian Disorders/metabolism/pathology/*prevention & control, *Smoking.



65. C. Perier, C. Marin, A. Jimenez, M. Bonastre, E. Tolosa, and E. C. Hirsch. Effect of subthalamic nucleus or entopeduncular nucleus lesion on levodopa-induced neurochemical changes within the basal ganglia and on levodopa-induced motor alterations in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats. J Neurochem, 86(6):1328-37, 2003. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEngland. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Basal Ganglia/*drug effects/pathology/physiopathology, Corpus Striatum/drug effects/metabolism/pathology, Disease Models, Animal, Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics, Enkephalins/genetics, Entopeduncular Nucleus/drug effects/pathology/*physiopathology, Globus Pallidus/drug effects/metabolism/pathology, Glutamate Decarboxylase/genetics, In Situ Hybridization, Isoenzymes/genetics, Levodopa/*pharmacology, Male, Motor Activity/drug effects, Neurons/drug effects/metabolism/pathology, Oxidopamine, Parkinsonian Disorders/chemically induced/drug, therapy/pathology/*physiopathology, Protein Precursors/genetics, RNA, Messenger/metabolism, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Substantia Nigra/drug effects/metabolism/pathology, Subthalamic Nucleus/drug effects/pathology/*physiopathology.



66. M. Pessiglione, D. Guehl, Y. Agid, E. C. Hirsch, J. Feger, and L. Tremblay. Impairment of context-adapted movement selection in a primate model of presymptomatic Parkinson's disease. Brain, 126(Pt 6):1392-408, 2003. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEnglanda journal of neurology. [WWW] Keyword(s): Animals, Basal Ganglia/physiopathology, Cercopithecus aethiops, *Choice Behavior, Disease Models, Animal, Disease Progression, Eye Movements, Feedback, Psychological, Hand/physiopathology, Learning, MPTP Poisoning/*physiopathology/*psychology, Male, *Movement, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time.



67. E. Rousselet, C. Joubert, J. Callebert, K. Parain, L. Tremblay, G. Orieux, J. M. Launay, C. Cohen-Salmon, and E. C. Hirsch. Behavioral changes are not directly related to striatal monoamine levels, number of nigral neurons, or dose of parkinsonian toxin MPTP in mice. Neurobiol Dis, 14(2):218-28, 2003. Note: Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tUnited States. [WWW] Keyword(s): 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine/*administration & dosage, Animals, Biogenic Monoamines/*metabolism, Corpus Striatum/drug effects/*metabolism/pathology, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Motor Activity/drug effects/*physiology, Neurons/drug effects/metabolism/pathology, Parkinsonian Disorders/metabolism/pathology, Substantia Nigra/drug effects/*metabolism/pathology.

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